{"id":9929,"date":"2026-08-24T17:00:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meettfit.com\/?p=9929"},"modified":"2026-08-24T10:21:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T02:21:05","slug":"how-do-buyers-review-pvc-flooring-heavy-metal-reports","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/meettfit.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%a9\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u00ab\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642. \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062e \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)<\/th>\n\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 (Pb)<\/td>\n\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 (Cd)<\/td>\n\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 (Cr) \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645(VI) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 (Hg)<\/td>\n\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/td>\n\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062e (As)<\/td>\n\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/td>\n\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u00ab\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n

A spec that lists "chromium" without saying which form is incomplete, and I flag this with buyers often. Total chromium and hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), are not the same measurement, and a report that only shows total chromium cannot answer a Cr(VI)-specific requirement. If a buyer’s spec or certification program calls out Cr(VI) by name, I make sure the lab runs a Cr(VI)-specific method, not just a total metals scan that happens to include chromium in the list.<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u061f \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)\u061f<\/h2>\n

No single global rule covers PVC flooring. US CPSIA lead limits apply to children’s products specifically, not all commercial flooring, while EU REACH sets a general lead and cadmium limit for PVC articles regardless of end use.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647.<\/p>\n

The US Side: CPSIA Applies to Children’s Products, Not All PVC Flooring<\/h3>\n

CPSIA’s 100 ppm total lead limit, under Section 101(a), applies to accessible parts of children’s products<\/strong> \u2014 items designed or intended primarily for use by children 12 and under. A general-use commercial or residential PVC floor is not automatically a children’s product just because it might end up in a home, a daycare, or a school. Intended use, marketing, and design drive that classification, not where the floor happens to get installed. Separately, 16 CFR Part 1303 bans lead in paint and similar surface coatings above 90 ppm; this rule is broader than CPSIA and applies to paint and coatings on many consumer products, not specifically to PVC flooring substrate. Buyers should not assume a flat "90 ppm surface, 100 ppm substrate" rule applies to every US flooring shipment \u2014 the correct answer depends on whether the product is a children’s product and whether the metal is in a coating or the substrate.<\/p>\n

\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a: \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u00bb \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 63 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 (REACH) \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.1% \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 29 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 1,000 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/strong>\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 286 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 23 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 REACH\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.01% \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 100 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 101(\u0623) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 (CPSIA) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\nChildren’s products (12 and under)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a 16 CFR 1303<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \/ \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n90 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 63 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PVC \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<0.1% (1,000 \u0645\u062c\u0645\/\u0643\u062c\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 23 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<0.01% (100 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

It helps to separate four different things buyers see stacked together on a spec sheet: a legal restriction like REACH, a rule that only applies to a specific product category like CPSIA for children’s products, a voluntary customer-defined limit that a buyer sets internally, and a cross-industry test scheme, like a toy-safety migration standard, that only applies if the project specifically calls for it. Treating all four as interchangeable "PVC flooring rules" is a common mistake.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u2014 \u0647\u0648: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n

This is the single most overlooked point in a heavy metal review, and I have seen suppliers submit the wrong type of test without realizing it. A toy-safety migration standard, for example, measures how much of an element can leach out of a material under simulated stomach-acid conditions \u2014 a small, specific extractable fraction. A total content test, run by acid digestion and ICP-MS or ICP-OES, measures everything present in the material, whether or not it could ever migrate out. If a buyer’s specification calls for total cadmium content and a supplier hands over a migration-style result instead, a "PASS" on that report tells the buyer nothing about whether the total content requirement is met. Before accepting any result, a buyer needs to read the method section and confirm: is this total content, or is this extractable\/migrated content? These two numbers are not interchangeable, and a report should state clearly which one it reports.<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f: \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/strong> \u2014 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639) \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n
  3. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n
  4. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n
  5. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 (VI)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635<\/li>\n
  6. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (ppm)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631\u061b \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 1 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (ppm)<\/li>\n
  7. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a<\/strong> \u2014 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u00abND\u00bb<\/li>\n
  8. \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u00ab\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\/\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0628\u00bb<\/li>\n
  9. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647<\/strong> \u2014 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n
  10. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/strong> \u2014 \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n
  11. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/th>\n\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n180 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n1,000 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n820 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n8 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n100 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n92 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n92 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n100 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n8 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0643\u063a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u00abND\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u00abND\u00bb \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n

    "ND" means the metal was not detected above the lab’s specific detection or reporting limit \u2014 it does not mean zero, and it does not automatically prove compliance.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    If a project requires cadmium below 100 mg\/kg and the report shows "ND (<5 mg\/kg)," that result is meaningful and comfortably supports compliance. But if the report shows "ND (<200 mg\/kg)," the lab’s detection limit sits above the regulatory limit itself, so "ND" cannot prove the product actually meets the 100 mg\/kg requirement \u2014 the method simply was not sensitive enough to tell. Buyers should always ask for the specific detection or reporting limit next to any ND result, not just the letters "ND" on their own.<\/p>\n

    \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628.<\/p>\n

    \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n

    \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f ISO\/IEC 17025 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO\/IEC 17025 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u2014 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 XRF \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 ICP-MS \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 ICP-MS \u0623\u0648 ICP-OES\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 (VI) \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 (VI)\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647\u061f\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

    \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/p>\n

    \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u2014 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PVC \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f<\/h2>\n

    \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 SPC \u0648LVT \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0628 (SPC \u0623\u0648 WPC \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637)\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 (IXPE \u0623\u0648 EVA \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f). \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PVC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

    \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n

    \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631\u00bb \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647.<\/p>\n

    \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627\u00bb\u061f<\/h2>\n

    \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u00ab\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 70 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    18 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n70 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    68 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n70 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    89 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n70 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    102 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n70 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n

    Reports get rejected when a result exceeds the limit, the sample does not match the shipped batch, the method does not match the requirement, or the lab’s accreditation does not cover the test performed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u2014 \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u00abND\u00bb \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n

    \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC)\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00abND\u00bb \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/strong>
    \nNo. It means the result sits below the lab’s detection or reporting limit, which should always be stated alongside the ND result, not assumed.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 SPC \u0623\u0648 WPC\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0637\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629 (XRF) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 XRF \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u2014 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Cr(VI) \u2014 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

    \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0623\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u061f<\/strong>
    \n\u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u00abND\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n

    \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

    I work as a quality control engineer supporting custom and bulk PVC flooring manufacturing, with hands-on experience in compound formulation, heavy metal compliance testing, and layer-specific quality control across recycled and virgin PVC constructions. My work centers on catching material and documentation risks before they reach a buyer’s inspection table, and on helping product developers match formulation choices to the specific standard their market actually requires.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a PVC \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u061f \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Buyers review a report by first identifying which rule applies to their market, then matching the sample, the test method, the units, and the result against that rule \u2014 not by scanning for a single "PASS" stamp. I have signed off on heavy metal reports for years as a QC engineer working on custom and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pvc-floor-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nHow Do Buyers Review PVC Flooring Heavy Metal Reports - MF FLOOR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how buyers review PVC flooring heavy metal reports, including limits, methods, ND results, lab scope and traceability.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meettfit.com\/ar\/\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\/\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646-\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u062b\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Do Buyers Review PVC Flooring Heavy Metal Reports - 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